Computers apart from a physical entity have also been synchronized into the daily lives of people in several forms. Categorically a computer system can be divided into 3 main forms that are being used widely. They are the desktop, laptop and palmtop. However, part from these three categories of computer system, it has also been divide into different types depending on their use and are hence are divided basically in an uncategorized way. There has been automation in almost every sphere of human life where these uncategorized computers play a very important role. The un-categorized computers are:-
Personal Computers – Also widely known as PC these are the computers that are basically for the household and are mostly used by the people who like to work from home or is the type of computer that is completely used from the home. The configuration of a personal computer basically depends on the requirement of the user and the type of work they need to extract from the computer system.
Workstation Computers – these types of computer systems are widely used by the engineers and several technicians. The main difference between the PC and the workstation computers are the computation speed of the CPU which is enhanced by much advanced configuration as compared to the PC. The processors of these computers are designed to meet the graphics demand and designing purpose as desired by the user. These computers can handle voluminous data efficiently that is required as per the requirement.
Supercomputers – These computers are mainly used for computational purposes and are quite advanced in use as well as in the configuration as compared to the personal computers and the workstation computers. The configuration is mainly advanced in terms of its RAM and memory storage as well as the frequency of operation and the use is for tedious mathematical calculations etc.
Mainframe Computers – this category of computers is of standard configuration but is used on much wider scale by educational institutions and such large domains for as a server computer that serves the requests to around 500-600 computers.
Apart from these categories of computers based on the use, computer systems are also divided on the basis of their electronic nature. They are:-
Analog Computers – As quite obvious from the name, these computers are based on analog techniques and uses analog signals. They proceed after measuring the changes that are physical in nature such as pressure; temperature etc. and accordingly the pre decided arithmetic and logical operations are performed.
Digital Computers – They are the computers that have very high programming speed. This is because they operate on two digital states i.e. high and low which gives them an edge as compared to the analog computers.
Hybrid Computers – A mixture of both analog and digital computers yields the hybrid computers. They have operations of which some resemble to the operations of digital computer techniques and some of the analog computer techniques. In short, it is a combination of the main points of the analog and digital computers.
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One can’t undermine the importance of computer in a person’s life in today’s world. No matter in which field you are working or what you are studying, if you are not using computer then it can be said that you are unnecessarily missing out on a big advantage. There are people who have this phobia for computers and they think that it is too complicated to handle. Operating a computer hardly requires any special skill that you need to possess. All that you need to do is get to know certain computer basics which will provide you with a general idea about the functioning of a computer and then nothing will seem difficult.
If you don’t have any idea about how a computer works then the first thing that you should do is to get acquainted with all the devices of a computer. Have a clear idea about the various input and output devices of a computer and know which device is used for what purpose. It may sound strange but it is true that initially people often find it difficult to put the mouse pointer at a desired place on the screen. Certain things like knowing the difference between a hardware and software or what are the various operating systems that are available and used mostly can increase your computer knowledge remarkably.
An operating system can be called as the main driver of your computer which makes it possible for you to perform various computer activities by linking different hardware to different applications. The most widely used Operating Systems are the ones made by Windows like Windows XP, Windows Vista etc. There are other Operating Systems like MAC or Linux which are mainly used for specialized purposes.
As most people use the Windows Operating Systems so if you want to know the computer basics then it is sensible for you to start with MS Office. MS Office is a program consisting mainly of MS Word, MS Excel and MS PowerPoint which makes writing, calculating and making presentations convenient for us. MS Word is used all across the globe by everyone for writing purposes. It is an application which makes you write error free English in whatever size or font you prefer. It has a built in thesaurus which can provide you with a god stock of words and it also detect any spelling mistake or grammatical error in your writing. MS Excel is mainly used by people for data entry. It is a spreadsheet where you can put quantitative details in an organized manner. By using this application, you can do long and tiresome calculations within no time. MS PowerPoint is an application used by people in order to make presentations.
Among computer basics, another thing which should be known to you is how to use the internet. Visiting a website, sending mails, chatting etc. are some of the things which you should be aware of. There are various Internet Browsers using which you can access the internet. Knowing how to use an internet browser is extremely important nowadays. Computer is also a device which you can use effectively for entertainment purposes like listening music or watching movies. So, when you are learning the computer basics, knowing how to operate a media player in a computer might also become handy.
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Computers have become an indispensable part of our lives. From a 5 year old kid to the CEO of some big multinational company, none can think of spending a day without using computers. Be it for entertainment purposes, communication purposes or for office purposes, this is a device which invariably comes first in the minds of people. There are certain things which are responsible for the way your computer works. A single fault in one of the various computer components of your computer can result in sluggish or no performance at all. It is thus important for everyone using computers to be aware of the computer components which make a computer cater to all your requirements.
The motherboard of your computer is the most important component. It is in the motherboard that other important components like the microprocessor, memory and drive controllers reside. The performance of your computer largely depends on the microprocessor you are using. A processor is the component which receives all the instructions entered by you in the computer and then it makes the computer work accordingly. The most commonly used processors are the Pentium processors like Celeron and Xeon. Memory is the component that retains and stores data in your computer. Also referred to as RAM (Random Access Memory), the memory of a computer is directly attached on the motherboard of the computer and it excels the computer’s performance. Besides these, other devices supporting sound or graphics are also installed on the motherboard of a computer
Of the other computer components, the first thing that needs to be mentioned is the Hard Disk of your computer. A Hard Disk is the device that stores data permanently on your computer. Hard Disks generally come in sizes of 10 GB, 40 GB, 160 GB, etc. People nowadays have stopped using 10 GB disks as they have become passé. With so many information now needed to be stored in a computer, 160 GB has become a minimum. Even when it comes to memory, no one can think of a memory below 256 MB.
CD- ROMs have made way for DVD- ROMs as DVDs can contain far more data compared to CDs. A DVD- ROM is a device which makes DVDs run on your computer. If you want you can also buy a DVD Writer which will enable you to make DVDs of your own. Along with CD- ROMs people used to count on Floppy Drives when they needed to store small sized files in a floppy. Still it is also very much one among the various computer components but its use has decreased to a significant level since the advent of Pen Drives. The USB Drive of a computer has become more important as by plugging a Pen Drive into it one can store or transfer huge amount of data.
Lastly, certain computer components like Monitor, Mouse and Keyboard must be mentioned because without these, one can’t think about working in a computer. Other devices like speakers, printers and scanners have also contributed in making computer the most useful machine of the century.
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In order to try out a biological explanation, a virus is a microorganism that thrives within a body and reproduces itself into further microorganisms. This incredible capability to reproduce at an alarming rate makes it the most possibly threat to human life to fall sick. An individual may possibly ask the similarity between the virus and the computer virus. The computer virus has the tendency to reproduce by coping itself at an alarming rate within the computer system which is quite similar to that of a normal virus. Thus the name of virus has been derived to such set of programs.
Virus – an Overview
A set of harmful computer programs that has the capability to copy itself and corrupt the necessary file system responsible for the computer to function properly is what a virus is. The tendency to duplicate itself makes a computer virus deadly. The virus gets spread all over the file system which threatens an individual to access any kind of computing processes across a respective computer system. However, the identification of such programs is not quite possible as the set of programs multiply them and gets hidden throughout the files present in a computer.
Who creates a Virus?
An individual with high end skills of computer programming languages and involved in any criminal activities can possibly create a virus in order to corrupt confidential information from a respective computer system and access the various top secret and top priority files that are supposed to be under secured custody. The purpose to be short and precise is to create a threat and damage the necessary file systems that are targeted.
Computer Viruses – Types and Functions
Certain different types of viruses have spread throughout the world of internet which are quite popular in damaging any set of file systems and damage any computer within no time. Certain names have been assigned to these virus programs such as the Macro Viruses, Trojans, Trojan Horses and the Email Viruses. Each virus is identified by the special characteristic that is assigned along with a respective virus. Each and every bit of the viruses is of immense threat as they are capable to duplicate all by themselves and spread across a particular computer system and corrupts each and every file that it can. Even if the files get carried in a Pen drive to another PC the virus infected files are capable enough to corrupt the files even in the new computer. Since the virus gets hidden among the stack of infinite files in a system the tracking and exaction of the viruses are of huge trouble.
Remedy
Several antivirus application software programs are available that are renowned to track, identify and remove a virus from a respective computer system. Though there are a lot of computer antivirus software programs available in the market, no such antivirus is possibly 100% capable to keep a system absolutely clean from any virus infection. However a nearby perfection can be achieved by using the renowned antivirus programs like the Norton, Avast, Quickheal, Bit Defender etc.
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Computers are costly electronic machine, which constantly keeps on updating with time. Computer experts are continuously working day and night to create new and advanced computer programs. Many a time computers stop working and needs to be repaired. If a person does not have a sound knowledge about computers then it is best for him to take his computer to a computer skilled professional to get it repaired. Computer repair can be very expensive. The cost of repair depends on the model age of the computer and what kind of problem that needs to be repaired. If a computer is too old it is very difficult to get it fixed. Thus it is advisable to replace very old computers with new models because repairing old model computers may prove to be more costly than the price of a new one.
Basic Computer Repair
Connection Problems- There is certain basic computer hardware problems which can easily be repaired by an individual and does not require any professional help. Since computers consist of numerous wires and cables often computer users will face with connection problems. If these wires and cables are not working properly or not in a good form then various connection problems may arise. In such cases the computer user can do simple troubleshooting steps to solve the problem. In these instances it not necessary to take the computer to a computer professional for repair and spend unnecessary money.
Freezing of Computer- If an individual turns on a computer and the machine immediately freezes then there is nothing to worry as this is not at all a serious problem. The freezing of the computer indicates the lack of memory space in the computer for storing the data which is already present in the computer. To solve this problem effectively one basically has to check the memory or the storage capacity of the computer. Then he needs to perform a disk cleanup and also needs to update his computer. This cleanup activity will help to delete all the unnecessary files saved in the computer, thus resulting in more free space.
Peripherals Problems- If there is any kind of problems with the keyboard, mouse or speakers then in most cases it is because of a loose cable connection. In such instances it is necessary for the computer operator to thoroughly check the cables and cords and the plug points to which it connected. Usually in most cases by doing the problems are being solved.
Hardware Problem- If a computer user hears a grinding sound coming from inside the computer machine; it generally indicates that there is a computer hardware problem. In this case it is necessary to have a back up of all the important data so that relevant information does not get lost and then to go for a hardware replacement.
Other than the above mentioned basic computer problems there are various other serious problems which require a computer expert’s assistance to get it repaired. In such cases it is advisable for the computer operator to take the machine to a good computer repair center.
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